jamtJournal of Advanced Materials and TechnologiesJournal of Advanced Materials and Technologies2782-21922782-2206ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»10.17277/jamt-2026-11-02-172-193jamt-98Research ArticleНаноструктурированные наноматериалы и наноустройстваNanostructured, nanoscale materials and nanodevicesПрименение детонационных наноалмазов в новых технологияхApplication of detonation nanodiamonds in new technologieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8643-0404ДолматовВ. Ю.DolmatovV. Yu.

Долматов Валерий Юрьевич, доктор технических наук, начальник научно-исследовательской лабора­тории

Советский пр., 33-а, Санкт-Петербург, 192076

Valerii Yu. Dolmatov, D. Sc. (Eng.), Head of research laboratory

33-a, Sovetsky Av., St. Petersburg, 192076

diamondcentre@mail.ruМеркинА. А.MerkinA. A.

Меркин Александр Александрович, доктор технических наук, директор-главный конструктор

Советский пр., 33-а, Санкт-Петербург, 192076

Alexander A. Merkin, D. Sc. (Eng.), Director-Chief  Designer

33-a, Sovetsky Av., St. Petersburg, 192076

КиселевМ. Н.KiselevM. N.

Киселев Максим Николаевич, генеральный директор

ул. Щорса, 66, Киров, 610014

Maxim N. Kiselev, General Director

66, Shchorsa St., Kirov, 610014

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5894-7497СатонкинаН. П.SatonkinaN. P.

Сатонкина Наталья Петровна, доктор физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

пр. Лаврентьева, 15, Новосибирск, 630090

Nataliya P. Satonkina, D. Sc. (Phys. and Math.), Senior Researcher

15, Lavrentieva Av., Novosibirsk, 630090

ЛапчукН. М.LapchukN. M.

Лапчук Наталья Михайловна, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент

пр. Независимости,  4, Минск, 220030

Natalia M. Lapchuk, Cand. Sc. (Phys. and Math.), Associate Professor 

4, Nezavisimosti Av., Minsk, 220030

ОлешкевичА. Н.OleshkevichA. N.

Олешкевич Анна Николаевна, инженер первой категории

пр. Независимости,  4, Минск, 220030

Anna N. Oleshkevich, Engineer of the first category

4, Nezavisimosti Av., Minsk, 220030

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3331-4272ЛотниковаК. В.LotnikovaK. V.

Лотникова Кристина Витальевна, инженер-исследователь третьей категории

Советский пр., 33-а, Санкт-Петербург, 192076

Kristina V. Lotnikova, Research Engineer

33-a, Sovetsky Av., St. Petersburg, 192076

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1595-8516СенютьВ. Т.SenyutV. T.

Сенють Владимир Тадеушевич, кандидат техни­ческих наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

ул. Академическая, 12, Минск, 220072

Vladimir T. Senyut, Cand. Sc. (Eng.), Leading Researcher

12, Akademicheskaya St., Minsk, 220072

ПисаревскийС. Д.PisarevskyS. D.

Писаревский Сергей Дмитриевич, кандидат технических наук, главный научный сотрудник

ул. Сурганова, 6, Минск, 220012

Sergey D. Pisarevsky, Cand. Sc. (Eng.), Chief Researcher

6, Surganova St., Minsk, 220012

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4750-2625НожкинаА. В.NozhkinaA. V.

Ножкина Алла Викторовна, доктор химических наук, научный руководитель

ул. Гиляровского, 65, Москва, 107996

Alla V. Nozhkina, D. Sc. (Chem.), Scientific Supervisor

65, Gilyarovsky St., Moscow, 107996

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2306-1837ЕршовА. П.ErshovA. P.

Ершов Александр Петрович, доктор физико-мате­матических наук, главный научный сотрудник

пр. Лаврентьева, 15, Новосибирск, 630090

Alexander P. Ershov, D. Sc. (Phys. and Math.), Senior Researcher

15, Lavrentieva Av., Novosibirsk, 630090

 

Специальное конструкторско-технологическое бюро «Технолог»РоссияSpecial Construction and Technology Bureau “Technolog”Russian FederationАО «Завод «Сельмаш»РоссияJSC “Plant “Selmash”Russian FederationИнститут гидродинамики им. М. А. Лаврентьева СО РАНРоссияLavrentiev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch of RASRussian FederationБелорусский государственный университетБеларусьBelarusian State UniversityBelarusОбъединенный институт машиностроения НАН БеларусиБеларусьThe Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of BelarusBelarusУП «Геоинформационные системы» НАН БеларусиБеларусьGeoinformation Systems of the NAS of BelarusBelarusОАО «Научно-исследовательский институт природных, синтетических алмазов и инструмента»РоссияJSC “Research Institute of Natural, Synthetic Diamonds and Tools”Russian Federation202612072026112172193Copyright © Долматов В.Ю., Меркин А.А., Киселев М.Н., Сатонкина Н.П., Лапчук Н.М., Олешкевич А.Н., Лотникова К.В., Сенють В.Т., Писаревский С.Д., Ножкина А.В., Ершов А.П., 20262026Долматов В.Ю., Меркин А.А., Киселев М.Н., Сатонкина Н.П., Лапчук Н.М., Олешкевич А.Н., Лотникова К.В., Сенють В.Т., Писаревский С.Д., Ножкина А.В., Ершов А.П.Dolmatov V.Y., Merkin A.A., Kiselev M.N., Satonkina N.P., Lapchuk N.M., Oleshkevich A.N., Lotnikova K.V., Senyut V.T., Pisarevsky S.D., Nozhkina A.V., Ershov A.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://jamt.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/98

Обзор обобщает результаты использования детонационных наноалмазов (ДНА) за последние 10 лет для новых областей науки и техники. Ориентированное сращивание кристаллитов наноалмазов (~ 4 нм) при воздействии высоких температур и давлении способствует образованию монокристаллов многомикронных размеров. Предложены и изучены новые контрастные МРТ-вещества в виде водных суспензий с введенными в них ДНА, легированные ионами марганца и гадолиния. Показана возможность использования кристаллитов ДНА в качестве отражателей очень медленных нейтронов (~ 50 м/с). Показана возможность получения (CVD-метод) алмазных покрытий, содержащих ионы европия. Обнаружен электрореологический эффект при наложении электрического поля на суспензию кристаллитов наноалмазов в маслах, причем кристаллиты ДНА являются центром узлов фрактальной токопроводящей сетки. Смешивание ДНА с порошком вольфрама (W) при последующем спекании приводит к усилению модуля Юнга в 4 раза и твердость в 1,5–2,0 раза у спеченного W. Замена стандартных ДНА (из смеси тротила с гексогеном) на ДНА, легированных бором при детонационном синтезе, увеличивает микротвердость спеченного W дополнительно до четырех раз. Впервые получены новые виды псевдосплавов – алюмовольфрамовый, содержащий 10 мас. % вольфрама и 90 мас. % алюминия с твердостью НВ 60 и алюминиево-медно-вольфрамовый, содержащий 15 мас. % Al, 50 мас. % медь, 35 мас. % вольфрам и 1,2 мас. % ДНА. Полученные составы легко подвергаются механической обработке. Показана возможность использования водных суспензий наноалмазов в фотонике с целью получения линейно-оптических фильтров, устойчивых к мощному излучению. Применение полупродукта синтеза ДНА-алмазной шихты (АШ) привело к увеличению всхожести семян пекинской капусты на 70 % по сравнению с обычной всхожестью таких семян. Введение АШ в используемые космические смазки снизило износ деталей в 2 раза. Модификация пастообразных топлив наноалмазами позволила поднять скорость их горения до 23 %.

This review summarizes the results of using detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) over the past 10 years in emerging areas of science and technology. Oriented coalescence of nanodiamond crystallites (~ 4 nm) under high temperature and pressure leads to the formation of single crystals with multi-micron dimensions. New magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents have been proposed and studied in the form of aqueous suspensions containing DNDs doped with manganese and gadolinium ions. The potential use of DND crystallites as reflectors for very slow neutrons (~ 50 m×s–1) has been demonstrated. The feasibility of producing diamond coatings containing europium ions by the CVD-method has been shown. An electrorheological effect was observed when an electric field is applied to suspensions of nanodiamond crystallites in oils, with DND crystallites acting as nodes in a fractal conductive network. Mixing DNDs with tungsten (W) powder followed by sintering increases the Young’s modulus of sintered tungsten by a factor of four and its hardness by 1.5–2.0 times. Replacing standard DNDs (derived from TNT/RDX mixtures) with boron-doped DNDs produced during detonation synthesis further increases the microhardness of sintered tungsten by up to four times. New types of pseud alloys were obtained for the first time: an aluminum-tungsten alloy containing 10 wt. % tungsten and 90 wt. % aluminum with a hardness of HB 60, and an aluminum-copper-tungsten alloy containing 15 wt. % Al, 50 wt. % Cu, 35 wt. % W, and 1.2 wt. % DNDs. The resulting compositions are readily machinable. The use of aqueous nanodiamond suspensions in photonics has been demonstrated for producing linear optical filters resistant to high-power radiation. Application of an intermediate product from DND synthesis – diamond charge – increased the germination rate of Chinese cabbage seeds by 70 % compared to normal rates. Adding diamond charge to space-grade lubricants reduced component wear by a factor of two. Modification of paste-like fuels with nanodiamonds increased their burning rate by up to 23%.

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.