Особенности вариантов реализации процесса высокотемпературной активации углеродного материала

   Показана актуальность исследований в области разработки активированных углеродных материалов с высокой удельной поверхностью и пористостью, которые могут быть использованы в качестве материалов для разделения или хранения различных жидких и газообразных сред. Отмечена множественность подходов к осуществлению процесса активации, характеризуемая преимущественно накоплением опытных данных и лабораторными исследованиями. Установлена возможность реализации процесса активации карбонизата по двум вариантам: 1) высокотемпературная щелочная активация, 2) высокотемпературная щелочная активация с дополнительным активатором в виде водяного пара. Определены наиболее рациональные температурные режимы реализации данного процесса активации, составляющие для первого варианта 750 °С, для второго – 600 °С, а также их ключевые особенности. Проведен анализ характеристик полученного в результате двух вариантов активации углеродного материала – удельной поверхности и пористости – и установлена их зависимость от температуры проведения данного процесса. Обоснована возможность промышленной реализации рассмотренных вариантов активации с учетом особенностей их проведения, для получения активированного
высокопористого углеродного материала с удельной поверхностью более 2700 м²/г и пористостью, приходящейся на микро- и мезоразмерный диапазон более 1,3 см³/г.

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