Модифицирование смазочных материалов графитовыми нанопластинами

Обзор посвящен современному состоянию исследований и достижений в области модифицирования смазочных материалов. Для улучшения трибологических характеристик смазок используют различные добавки,  в частности, наночастицы. Такие добавки позволяют избежать прямого контакта, снижают коэффициент трения  и износ. Учитывая, что графен значительно повышает трибологические характеристики смазок, в обзоре рассмотрены основные способы его получения. Показано, что наиболее перспективной технологией получения графена для модифицирования смазочных материалов является жидкофазная сдвиговая эксфолиация кристаллического графита, поскольку масляные смеси с нанопластинами равномерно распределяются в  пластичной смазке и обеспечивают ее стабильную работу в парах трения. Рассмотрен вариант смешения нанопластин графита с пластичной смазкой в роторном диспергаторе. Показано, что наряду с повышением трибологических характеристик, смазка, модифицированная нанопластинами графита, создает антифрикционную пленку на поверхностях трения. Проанализированы составы антифрикционной пленки и результаты ее использования. Намечены пути совершенствования технологии модифицирования пластичных смазок нанопластинами графита. В первую очередь необходимо модернизировать основное оборудование: барабанную стержневую мельницу; узел классификации графеносодержащих суспензий по размерам нанопластин; роторный диспергатор. Учитывая, что максимальный эффект наблюдается при использовании антифрикционной пленки + смазка, модифицированная нанопластинами графита, необходимо детально исследовать процесс формирования антифрикционной пленки и определить ее оптимальное содержание в смазке.

1. Jost HP. Tribology micro & macro economics: A road to economic savings. Tribology and Lubrication Technology. 2005;61(10):18-22.

2. Almqvist A, Ràfols FP. Scientific computing with applications in tribology: A course compendium. 2022. Available from: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1289574&dswid=9285 [Accessed on 22 November 2022].

3. Wang L, Gong P, Li W, Luo T, Cao B. Monodispersed Ag/Graphene nanocomposite as lubricant additive to reduce friction and wear. Tribology International. 2020;146:106228. DOI: 0.1016/j.triboint.2020.106228

4. Christensen G, Younes H, Hong G, Lou D, Hong H, Widener C, Bailey C, Hrabe R. Hydrogen bonding enhanced thermally conductive carbon nano grease. Synthetic Metals. 2020;259:116213. DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116213

5. Fan M, Yang D, Wang X, Liu W, Fu H. DOSS- Based QAILs: As Both neat lubricants and lubricant additives with excellent tribological properties and good detergency. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 2014;53(46):17952-17960. DOI: 10.1021/ie502849w.

6. Ahmed E, Ghazaly NM, Jaber AGE. Tribological behavior of adding nano oxides materials to lithium grease: A Review. American Journal of Nanomaterials. 2020;8(1):1-9.

7. Hashem A, Marlinda AR, Hossain MAM, Al Mamun M, ShalauddinMd, Simarani K, Johan MR. A unique oligonucleotide probe hybrid on graphene decorated gold nanoparticles modified screen-printed carbon electrode for pork meat adulteration. Electrocatalysis. 2023;14(2):179-194. DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00779-7

8. Hashem A, Hossain MAM, Marlinda AR, Mamun MA, Simarani K, Johan MR. Nanomaterials based electrochemical nucleic acid biosensors for environmental monitoring: A review. Applied Surface Science Advances. 2021;4:100064. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsadv.2021.100064

9. Sagadevan S, Marlinda AR, Johan Mohd R, Umar A, Fouad H, Alothman OY, Khaled U, Akhtar MS, Shahid MM. Reduced graphene/nanostructured cobalt oxide nanocomposite for enhanced electrochemical performance of supercapacitor applications. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2020;558:68-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.09.081

10. Younes H, Hong H, Peterson GP. A Novel approach to fabricate carbon nanomaterials–nanoparticle solids through aqueous solutions and their applications. Nanomanufacturing and Metrology. 2021;4(4):226-236. DOI: 10.1007/s41871-020-00094-z

11. Liu W, Qiao X, Liu S, Chen P. A review of nanomaterials with different dimensions as lubricant additives. Nanomaterials. 2022;12(21):3780. DOI: 10.3390/nano12213780.

12. Xiao H, Liu S. 2D nanomaterials as lubricant additive: A review. Materials & Design. 2017;135:319332. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.09.029

13. Senatore A, Hong H, D’Urso V, Younes H. Tribological behavior of novel CNTs-based lubricant grease in steady-state and fretting sliding conditions. Lubricants. 2021;9(11):107. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants9110107

14. Hasan MS, Kordijazi A, Rohatgi PK, Nosonovsky M. Machine learning models of the transition from solid to liquid lubricated friction and wear in aluminum-graphite composites. Tribology International. 2022;165:107326. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2021.107326

15. Huang G, Yu Q, Ma Z, Cai M, Zhou F, Liu W. Oil-soluble ionic liquids as antiwear and extreme pressure additives in poly-α-olefin for steel/steel contacts. Friction. 2019;7(1):18-31. DOI: 10.1007/s40544-017-0180-8

16. Jiang C, Li W, Nian J, Lou W, Wang X. Tribological evaluation of environmentally friendly ionic liquids derived from renewable biomaterials. Friction. 2018;6(2):208-218. DOI: 10.1007/s40544-017-0170-x

17. Zhao J, Huang Y, He Y, Shi Y. Nanolubricant additives: A review. Friction. 2021;9(5):891-917. DOI: 10.1007/s40544-020-0450-8

18. Bodenmann AK, MacDonald AH. Graphene: Exploring carbon flatland. Physics Today. 2007;60(8):3541. DOI: 10.1063/1.2774096

19. Liu Y, Yu S, Shi Q, Ge X, Wang W. Graphenefamily lubricant additives: recent developments and future perspectives. Lubricants. 2022;10(9):215. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants10090215

20. Al Faruque MA, Syduzzaman M, Sarkar J, Bilisik K, Naebe M. A review on the production methods and applications of graphene-based materials. Nanomaterials. 2021;11(9):2414. DOI: 10.3390/nano11092414

21. Hansora DP, Shimpi NG, Mishra S. Graphite to graphene via graphene oxide: an overview on synthesis, properties, and applications. JOM. 2015;67(12):2855-2868. DOI: 10.1007/s11837-015-1522-5

22. Avilés M-D, Saurín N, Sanes J, Carrión F-J, Bermúdez M-D. Ionanocarbon lubricants. The combination of ionic liquids and carbon nanophases in tribology. Lubricants. 2017;5(2):14. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants5020014

23. Liu L, Zhou M, Li X, Jin L, Su G, Mo Y, Li L, Zhu H, Tian Y. Research progress in application of 2d materials in liquid-phase lubrication system. Materials. 2018;11(8):1314. DOI: 10.3390/ma11081314

24. Pape F, Poll G. Investigations on graphene platelets as dry lubricant and as grease additive for sliding contacts and rolling bearing application. Lubricants. 2019;8(1):3. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants8010003

25. Saurín N, Sanes J, Bermúdez M-D. New graphene/ionic liquid nanolubricants. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2016;3:S227-S232. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.02.038

26. Renteria J, Nika D, Balandin A. Graphene thermal properties: applications in thermal management and energy storage. Applied Sciences. 2014;4(4):525-547. DOI: 10.3390/app4040525

27. Garcia I, Guerra S, De Damborenea J, Conde A. Reduction of the coefficient of friction of steel-steel tribological contacts by novel graphene-deep eutectic solvents (DESs) lubricants. Lubricants. 2019;7(4):37. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants7040037

28. Guo Y-B, Zhang S-W. The tribological properties of multi-layered graphene as additives of PAO2 oil in steel-steel contacts. Lubricants. 2016;4(3):30. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants4030030

29. Nine MJ, Cole MA, Tran DNH, Losic D. Graphene: a multipurpose material for protective coatings. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 2015;3(24):12580-12602. DOI:10.1039/C5TA01010A

30. Marlinda AR, An’amt MN, Yusoff N, Sagadevan S, Wahab YA, Johan MR. Recent progress in nitrates and nitrites sensor with graphene-based nanocomposites as electrocatalysts. Trends in Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2022;34:e00162. DOI: 10.1016/j.teac.2022.e00162

31. Xu Y, Cao H, Xue Y, Li B, Cai W. Liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene: an overview on exfoliation media, techniques, and challenges. Nanomaterials. 2018;8(11):942. DOI: 10.3390/nano8110942

32. Zhao J, Li Y, Wang Y, Mao J, He Y, Luo J. Mild thermal reduction of graphene oxide as a lubrication additive for friction and wear reduction. RSC Advances. 2017;7(3):1766-1770. DOI: 10.1039/C6RA26488C

33. Xu L, Ma T-B, Hu Y-Z, Wang H. Vanishing stick-slip friction in few-layer graphenes: the thickness effect. Nanotechnology. 2011;22(28):285708. DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/28/285708

34. Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant AV. Graphene: a new emerging lubricant. Materials Today. 2014;17(1): 31-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2013.12.003

35. Goyal V, Balandin AA. Thermal properties of the hybrid graphene-metal nano-micro-composites: Applications in thermal interface materials. Applied Physics Letters. 2012;100(7):073113. DOI: 10.1063/1.3687173

36. Nika DL, Balandin AA. Thermal transport in graphene, few-layer graphene and graphene nanoribbons. In: Thermal Transport in Low Dimensions. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 339-363.

37. Sarafraz M, Safaei M, Tian Z, Goodarzi M, BandarraFilho E, Arjomandi M. Thermal assessment of nano-particulate graphene-water/ethylene glycol (WEG 60:40) nano-suspension in a compact heat exchanger. Energies. 2019;12(10):1929. DOI: 10.3390/en12101929

38. Zhao J, Gao T, Li Y, He Y, Shi Y. Twodimensional (2D) graphene nanosheets as advanced lubricant additives: A critical review and prospect. Materials Today Communications. 2021;29:102755. DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102755

39. Naddaf A, ZeinaliHeris S. Experimental study on thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of diesel oil-based nanofluids of graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. 2018;95:116-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2018.05.004

40. Kumar N, Saini V, Bijwe J. Performance properties of lithium greases with PTFE particles as additive: Controlling parameter- size or shape? Tribology International. 2020;148:106302. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106302

41. Lee C-G, Hwang Y-J, Choi Y-M, Lee J-K, Choi C, Oh J-M. A study on the tribological characteristics of graphite nano lubricants. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing. 2009;10(1):85-90. DOI: 10.1007/s12541-009-0013-4

42. Song W, Yan J, Ji H. Fabrication of GNS/MoS2 composite with different morphology and its tribological performance as a lubricant additive. Applied Surface Science. 2019;469:226-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.10.266

43. Saeed M, Alshammari Y, Majeed SA, Al-Nasrallah E. Chemical vapour deposition of graphenesynthesis, characterization, and applications: A Review. Molecules. 2020;25(17):3856. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173856

44. Rana S, Reynolds JD, Ling TY, Shamsudin MS, Pu SH, Chong HMH, Pamunuwa D. Nano-crystalline graphite for reliability improvement in MEM relay contacts. Carbon. 2018;133:193-199. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.03.011

45. Fishlock SJ, Pu SH, Bhattacharya G, Han Y, McLaughlin J, McBride JW, Chong HMH, O’Shea SJ. Micromachined nanocrystalline graphite membranes for gas separation. Carbon. 2018;138:125-133. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.05.071

46. Ling TY, Pu SH, Fishlock SJ, Han Y, Reynolds JD, McBride JW, Chong HMH. Sensing performance of nanocrystalline graphite-based humidity sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2019;19(14):5421-5428. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2905719

47. Liang S, Shen Z, Yi M, Liu L, Zhang X, Ma S. In-situ exfoliated graphene for high-performance waterbased lubricants. Carbon. 2016;96:1181-1190. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.077

48. Patel J, Kiani A. Effects of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) at different concentrations on tribological properties of liquid base lubricants. Lubricants. 2019;7(2):11. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants7020011

49. Nassef MGA, Soliman M, Nassef BG, Daha MA, Nassef GA. Impact of graphene nano-additives to lithium grease on the dynamic and tribological behavior of rolling bearings. Lubricants. 2022;10(2):29. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants10020029

50. Oliveira AEF, Braga GB, Tarley CRT, Pereira AC. Thermally reduced graphene oxide: synthesis, studies and characterization. Journal of Materials Science. 2018;53(17):12005-12015. DOI: 10.1007/s10853-018-2473-3

51. Liang S, Shen Z, Yi M, Liu L, Zhang X, Ma S. In-situ exfoliated graphene for high-performance waterbased lubricants. Carbon. 2016;96:1181-1190. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.077

52. Xu H, Suslick KS. Sonochemical preparation of functionalized graphenes. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 2011;133(24):9148-9151. DOI: 10.1021/ja200883z

53. Chen X, Boulos RA, Dobson JF, Raston CL. Shear induced formation of carbon and boron nitride nanoscrolls. Nanoscale. 2013;5(2):498-502. DOI: 10.1039/C2NR33071G

54. Paton KR, Varrla E, Backes C, Smith RJ, Khan U, et al. Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids. Nature Materials. 2014;13(6):624-630. DOI: 10.1038/nmat3944

55. Al-Shiblawi KA, Pasko AA, Pershin VF. Simulation of the process of obtaining graphene structures by liquid-phase graphite shear exfoliation. Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2018;24(4):717-726. DOI: 10.17277/vestnik.2018.04.pp.717-726 (In Russ.)

56. Al-Shiblawi KA, Pershin VF, Baranov AA, Pasko AA. Obtaining a few-layer graphene by the method of liquid-phase shear exfoliation. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiye vedomosti SPbPU. Yestestvennyye i inzhenernyye nauki. 2019;25(1):143-154. DOI: 10.18721/JEST.25114 (In Russ.)

57. Al-Jarakh RA, Al-Mashkhadani AMR, Mansur V, Aldavud SS, Osipov AA, Pershin VF. Production of graphene-containing suspensions and concentrates by cascade graphite exfoliation. Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2022; 28(1):139-152. DOI: 10.17277/vestnik.2022.01.pp.139-152 (In Russ.)

58. Pershin VF, Al-Shiblawi KA Kh., Al-Mashkhadani AMR. A method for obtaining graphenecontaining suspensions and a device for its implementation. Russian Federation patent 2,720,684. 12 May 2020. (In Russ.)

59. Pershin VF, Al-Dzharakh RA, Mansur V, Baranov AA, Vorobyov AM, Melekhin DD, Memetov NR, Osipov AA, Pasko AA, Tkachev AG. A method for obtaining graphene-containing suspensions by graphite exfoliation and a device for its implementation. Russian Federation patent 2,737,925. 04 December 2020. (In Russ.)

60. Pershin VF, Zhumagalieva GB, Memetov NR, Pasko AA, Tkachev AG. Rod drum mill. Russian Federation patent 2,670,495. 23 October 2018. (In Russ.)

61. Pershin VF, Zhumagaliyeva GB, Tkachev AG, Pasko AA, Vorobyev AM. Production of graphene concentrates based on synthetic oils in rod drum mills. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019;693(1):012035. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/693/1/012035

62. Pershin VF, Alhilo ZAA, Baranov AA, Vorobyov AM, Osipov AA, Tkachev AG. Method for obtaining graphene-containing suspensions and device for its implementation. Russian Federation patent 2,743,523. 19 February 2021. (In Russ.)

63. Alkhilo ZAA, Baranov AA, Tugolukov EN, Pasko AA, Pershin VF. Modeling the process of mixing graphene nanostructures with a viscous liquid. Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2021;27(1):105-117. DOI: 10.17277/vestnik.2021.01.pp.105-117 (In Russ.)

64. Alhilo ZAAA, Mansour W, Pershin V, Pasko A. Continuous and semi-continuous industrial production of lubricants modified with graphene nanostructures. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2021;1100(1):012027. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/1100/1/012027

65. Pershin VF, Ovchinnikov KA, Alhiilo ZAA, Stolyarov RA, Memetov NR. Creation of environmentally friendly lubricants modified with graphene. Rossiyskie nanotekhnologii = Nanobiotechnology Reports. 2018; 13(5-6):131-135. (In Russ.)

66. Alhilo ZAAA, Zhumagalieva G, Pasko T. Environmentally friendly technology for the modification of lubricants with graphene nanostructures. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2020;315:06005. DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/202031506005

67. Nagdaev VK, Vyazinkin VS, Zabrodskaya AV, Ostrikov VV, Safonov VV, Pershin VF. Results of studies of a lubricant modified with multilayer graphene. Nauka v tsentral′noyRossii. 2021;2(50):71-77. DOI: 10.35887/2305-2538-2021-2-71-77 (In Russ.)

68. Nagdaev VK, Pershin VF, Vigdorovich M, Ostrikov VV, Safonov VV, Alhilo ZAAA. Study of the dynamics of formation of a carbon film on the surfaces of the friction unit. Nauka v tsentral′noy Rossii. 2022:1(55):108–118. DOI: 10.35887/2305-2538-2022-1-108-118 (In Russ.)