Граница соединения АМг6–АМг6: микроструктура и механические свойства после сварки взрывом

Сплавы системы Al–Mg широко используются в судостроении, вагоностроении и других отраслях промышленности благодаря низкой плотности, высокой прочности и коррозионной стойкости. Цель работы – проведение детального исследования микроструктуры границы соединения АМг6–АМГ6 после сварки взрывом. Результаты исследования позволили лучше понимать процесс формирования соединений при сварке взрывом сплава АМг6 с другими металлами и сплавами. Металлографические исследования образцов проводили с помощью оптической и электронной микроскопии. Для исследования механических свойств проведены испытания прочности на отрыв и измерена микротвердость слоев. Оптическая и электронная микроскопия показала, что в процессе сварки взрывом в материалах образуются полосы адиабатического сдвига. Увеличение параметров сварки взрывом приводит к увеличению полос адиабатического сдвига в метаемом и основном слое. Также на границе соединения были обнаружены темнотравящиеся структуры. Предположительно такие структуры представляют собой скопления дефектов и интерметаллических соединений. Установлено, что для получения прочного соединения АМг6 с другими металлами и сплавами необходимо обеспечить пластическую деформацию свариваемых поверхностей при минимальном нагреве зоны соединения. Максимальная прочность соединения составила 150 МПа по режиму 2 и 242 МПа по режиму 3, соответственно.

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