Фазовый состав нержавеющей стали, подвергнутой ультразвуковому нанокристаллическому поверхностному модифицированию с различной плотностью обработки

Повышение физико-механических свойств аустенитных нержавеющих сталей (АНС) методами интенсивного поверхностного пластического деформирования (ИППД) является одной из ключевых проблемных тематик в области инженерии поверхности и нанокристаллических материалов. Комплексный характер эволюции структурных состояний в условиях ИППД ограничивает возможности регламентированного наноструктурирования приповерхностного слоя АНС типа 18-10 в широком диапазоне деформационных воздействий. Представлены результаты рентгенофазового анализа (РФА) и просвечивающей электронной микроскопии (ПЭМ) приповерхностного слоя стали 12Х18Н10Т после ультразвукового нанокристаллического поверхностного модифицирования (УНПМ) с различной плотностью обработки. РФА и ПЭМ свидетельствуют о двухфазном (α′ + γ) составе стали 12Х18Н10Т, подвергнутой УНПМ. Методом РФА установлены функциональные зависимости объемной доли мартенситной фазы: 1) от плотности обработки; 2) энергии деформации, аппроксимация которых уравнениями линейной регрессии выполняется с достоверностью R2 = 0,984. По данным ПЭМ, структура приповерхностного слоя стали 12Х18Н10Т, подвергнутой УНПМ с максимальной используемой плотностью обработки (N = 9367 мм –2), представлена значительным количеством мартенсита в форме ламелей шириной менее 100 нм и высокой плотностью дислокаций. Результаты данной работы могут использоваться для разработки и оптимизации технологических режимов УНПМ АНС типа 18-10, полученных субтрактивными, аддитивными и гибридными аддитивно-субтрактивными технологиями производства.

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